Venezuela

1. You'll find a wide variety of exotic plants and animals, including the jaguar, ocelot, tapir, armadillo, anteater, and the longest snake in the world, the anaconda!

2. Some basic information:

Time zone- GMT/UTC minus 4 hours (minus 5 hours in summer) Electricity: 110V, 60 Hz. Weights & measures: Metric

3. US nationals, Canadians, Australians, New Zealanders, UK nationals, South Africans and most Western and Scandinavian Europeans do not require a visa if they fly directly to Venezuela. Others require a visa.

4. The tourist season in Venezuela runs year-round so, theoretically, any time you visit is OK. However, the dry season is more pleasant for traveling, though some sights - including the famous Angel Falls - are certainly more impressive in the wet season.

5. Keep in mind the periods during which Venezuelans take their holidays. Particularly, visit friends and family over Christmas, Carnaval (several days prior to Ash Wednesday) and Semana Santa (Holy Week; the week before Easter Sunday). In these three periods, you'll have to plan ahead and do a little more legwork before you find a place to stay. On the other hand, these periods are colorful and alive with a host of festivities.

6. Health risks include cholera, dengue fever, hepatitis, malaria, and yellow fever.

7. The country's most exuberant festival is Carnaval. It is characterized by music, dancing, parades and masquerades… the flavor of the event varies from region to region. The town of Carúpano is famous throughout the country for its elaborately staged Carnaval. You're lucky if you get to see this.

8. Given the strong Roman Catholic character of Venezuela, other national celebrations are tied to the Christian calendar. Apart from Easter, Christmas and Corpus Christi, which are celebrated enthusiastically, there are many saints' days spread over the calendar year celebrated in various cities and towns.

9. Public Holidays fall on-

January 1 - New Year's Day

Before Easter Sunday - Maundy Thursday & Good Friday

April 19 - Declaration of Independence

May 1 - Labour Day

June 24 - Battle of Carabobo

July 5 - Independence Day

July 24 - Bolívar's Birthday

October 12 - Discovery of America

December 25 - Christmas

10. The Currency is bolívar (Bs). Venezuela was a very cheap country to travel in during the period of the fixed exchange rates, provided you came with US dollars and changed them in the black market. Since the bolívar was freed, there has been a massive increase in prices of goods and services. Still, travelers on a budget can easily get by on US$30-40 a day; if you are looking for more comfort expect to spend at least US$50, or more if taking a guided tour.

11. US dollars and American Express travelers' cheques are by far the most popular, so stick to them. Visa and MasterCard have the best coverage for both cash advances and for making payments in top-end hotels, restaurants and shops. You can change money at a bank or at a casa de cambio (authorized money-exchange office). Banks change cash and travelers' cheques, but casas de cambio deal only in cash. Lines for ATMs can be very long, especially the first Monday of the month, when many banks are closed, and the day before holiday weekends, when machines are often cashed-out by midmorning.

12. Most of the budget hotel accommodations are in the less salubrious suburbs, which are not always safe, especially at night. The best is probably Sabana Grande. Be sure to always keep your wits about you, as mugging and petty thefts have become rife in recent years.

13. Nightlife tends to be centered on the districts of Las Mercedes, El Rosal, La Floresta and La Castellana. Enjoy a beer at the Greenwich Pub, or catch some jazz at the Juan Sebastián Bar, one of the city's few authentic jazz venues.

14. Avensa (along with its offspring, Servivensa) was Venezuela's main domestic airline until it went bankrupt in 1999. It now operates on a reduced scale. Its place has been taken by Aeropostal, which has a network of routes servicing most major domestic destinations. There are half-a-dozen or so smaller carriers including Aserca, Laser and Avior, which service regional areas. The lack of railways means that buses are the primary forms of transport through most of Venezuela, and services are generally fast, efficient and comfortable. There are frequent buses from the main Caracas bus terminal to almost every corner of the country, and the high level of competition keeps prices fairly low.

15. Driving or motor biking gives you added flexibility, but it's expensive both to take a car into the country and to rent one while you're there. Additionally, be aware that road rules are rarely observed by local drivers, which could make the undertaking somewhat hazardous. Stops at National Guard and police checkpoints are common, and travelers should follow instructions and be prepared to show papers or be searched.

16. Local transport includes cheap but crowded bus services and inexpensive shared taxis. Caracas has a modern, efficient and cheap metro.

17. The country's climate is predominantly tropical, with a warm Temperate Zone extending along the coast. Venezuela's climatic zones are defined by rainfall rather than by differences in temperature. The dry season is more pleasant for traveling, particularly if you plan on hiking.

18. You'll discover that visual art and handicrafts are popular in Venezuela, but the country's most distinctive cultural outlet is probably its music, which is an eclectic blend of European, African and indigenous rhythms. Theater is growing in popularity, and there is an active literary scene, especially among the younger generation.

19. Venezuelan snacks and dishes (referred to as comida criolla) consist mainly of pancakes, chicken, pork, beef, soups and stews. Look out for restaurants that serve menú del día, a very cheap set meal consisting of soup and a main course. Local specialties include empanadas (deep-fried cornmeal turnovers with fillings of ground meat, cheese, beans or baby shark) and pabellón criollo (Venezuela's national dish, which consists of shredded beef, rice, black beans, cheese and fried plantain).

20. Venezuela's 40-odd national parks provide a great range of treks. Activities include mountaineering, hill trekking, rock climbing, hang-gliding, paragliding, snorkeling and diving.

 

If you plan to see some magnificent things… sights include Plaza Bolívar, with its 17th-century cathedral; the Casa Natal de Bolívar, birthplace of Simón Bolívar; Santa Capilla, a 19th-century neo-Gothic church modeled on Paris's Sainte Chapelle; the monumental Palacio de Miraflores, palace of former leader Joaquín Crespo; the sacred Panteón Nacional, where many eminent Venezuelans are interred; the Petares district, which has retained its historic colonial character; and the modern, bustling Parque Central, which provides a taste of modern Caracas.

United States of America (USA)

1. Your ticket and visa will probably be taken care of by your travel department. However, check the date of expiry of your passport as well as the ECNR (Emigration Clearance Not Required). Many a traveler has been offloaded at the nth moment due to an oversight of ECNR.

2. The size and number of your suitcase/s and hand luggage should match the prescribed specifications. Most airports outside our country have a charge for the use of baggage trolleys. It is preferable to travel light with suitcases that you can wheel along.

3. Do not unofficially change your seat in the aircraft to sit near your friends. This creates problems for the airline staff regarding customer requests.

4. To avoid hassles on Day 1 in a new country, collect your foreign exchange in assorted denominations. Later, you will find that almost every establishment gives you change.

5. While traveling, keep in hand only the most important travel documents - passport, ticket. En route at stop-overs, put away your ticket and keep in hand only passport and your boarding passes. Do not mix up your boarding passes if you are traveling in multiple phases, changing aircraft. Preferably wear a jacket with large zipped or buttoned down front pockets that allow you access to your travel documents and keep your wallet safe while you are otherwise occupied. Take your time to check that you have collected all that you need from the front-desk official, and that you have left nothing behind. A little care at this point at every airport will save you a lot of tension and trouble during your journey.

6. The USA is an idiot-proof country. Take time to read sign boards and instructions carefully. Everything is explained very well. When in doubt, ask. There are help desks everywhere; people are also very helpful. Be sure to speak slowly. Ask simple direct questions.

7. If you are carrying electrical items, ensure that it is suited to the voltage specifications of the country.

8. It is not unusual for persons dining together to ask for individual checks at restaurants. Offer to pay for yourself unless you are sure of your host's intentions.

9. Pre-paid phone cards are extremely useful. Take time to read the instructions carefully; they are fool proof.

10. Shake hands with the women as well. Introduce yourself. Pronounce your name slowly. If you have a long second name, mention only your first name. It is considered okay to call persons in your group by their first name.

11. If you are a smoker, first check if smoking is permitted in your surroundings. Do not light up before asking the persons around you if you may. If permitted, remember to offer a cigarette to the ladies as well as the men in your group.

12. If you need to be dropped at some unknown location, either ask for directions or for a lift. Do not expect others to think for you.

13. Most restaurants have at least one vegetarian item on the menu. Ask for it if you have specific food preferences.

14. In restaurants, the portions are usually very large. If you are unable to finish your meal, you can have the rest packed. Almost everyone does this.

15. Practice eating with a fork, knife and spoon. You may have to attend lunches and dinners with your clients and colleagues. The Americans, however, eat freely with their fingers, particularly pizza.

16. Get used to using toilet paper. Though you are advised to travel light, ensure you have enough spare clothing to last a couple of days without laundry facilities, in case you are on the move. Hotels provide plastic laundry bags that come in handy to sort out your washed and unwashed clothes.

17. The Americans dine at hours that are unfamiliar to us Indians. Keep handy some fruit, candy bars or cookies (available in small packs at hotel lobbies, coffee tables and hotel rooms) for a light snack.

18. If traveling by subway or metro, obtain details of your route from colleagues or from the starting point of your journey by checking the map put up in every station. Try not to travel during peak hours or hours of remote travel.

 

Be alert and, above all, do not panic. The country is a melting pot of people from all parts of the world. There is surely someone who is more nervous than you are. Besides, you know English. You have nothing to fear, except fear itself!

 

 

 

England (UK)

1. U.K is a safe country. Carry your credentials to be on the safer side. The society in Britain is conservative and the cultural aspects of the country ought to be respected. Besides general regulations that one has to follow, a certain code is maintained, as per the British culture.

2. Most places are well sign posted. If you want to go walking or driving to a really out-of-the-way place, buy a survey map of the area. These maps show practically every single building in the countryside.

3. Off the motorway you will find roundabouts everywhere. It is an art to drive round these roundabouts in the proper way. Before you enter the roundabout, make sure which exit you need to take. Then, make sure you are in the right lane before you enter, so you don't cross in front of other cars. Once on the roundabout if you can't decide where to go, make another circle and check the exit signs again.

4. Do expect traffic jams during rush hour. There are plenty of service stations along the road, selling petrol and refreshments. Toilet facilities are generally free. There are many free public toilets. Larger shops and supermarkets have free customer toilets.

5. Taxi services and buses are available. Expect horses on the smaller roads.

6. British people queue everywhere. At the bus stop, at the shop counter and at the bank. Don't expect a long conversation with a total stranger at the bus stop or in the bus.

7. British people play by the rules. Park your car at the proper parking spot. Be polite and respectful at all times to the elderly. Open the door for them. Offer them a seat in a full bus. Help an elderly lady to cross the road if she asks you.

8. Medical treatment is expensive, consult your doctor before traveling. Extreme climatic conditions may exist, ensure that you have proper clothes for the climate.

9. In general, the British are very polite. They do not readily question or complain in public. They are reluctant to give you negative comments, even when you ask for an honest opinion. Learn to read between the lines: 'That's an unusual outfit' might mean it's not very appropriate. 'That's an interesting argument' might mean 'I think you're quite wrong.' Etc.

10. Do wait at the door of a restaurant to be seated at a table. If there is a particular spot you prefer, you may politely ask the waiter if that table is available.

11. Britons are quite punctual, so be on time, wherever you go. They pay a lot of attention to good table manners. Even young children are expected to eat properly with knife and fork. It definitely is not done to use your hands while eating, except maybe at McDonald's or when eating sandwiches!

12. In general British people are quite reserved when greeting one another. Greeting can be a bright 'Hello' or 'Good morning', when you arrive at work. A firm handshake is customary when you are introduced to somebody new. On entering a full room of people, Britons don't shake hands or greet everyone in the room. They don't expect you to do it either. It is not rude, it's just how it is.

13. When you are invited at a Wedding/Christening or Christmas Party, quite often you have to pay for your own drinks.

14. Tipping is something personal. Some Britons only tip if the service is good. Some people always tip. If you are very dissatisfied about a meal or service you can leave without a tip, but do leave without making a fuss.

15. People don't like to bargain, not even at a market.

16. Clothing is normally quite relaxed. Office and working clothes are neat and traditional: extremes are dark two-piece suits for women, dark gray pinstriped suits for men, combined with a plain shirt and tie.

17. Invitations often provide a dress code:

18. British people are patriotic and proud of their heritage. National politics is important and is taken quite seriously in the UK.

 

Newspapers and magazines discuss national politics extensively. A lot of the debates in the House of Commons are shown live on TV. As a result, Britons are very involved in their national politics. Newspapers in the UK can roughly be split into two groups: the more serious papers (the broad sheets) and the papers full of gossip (the tabloids). Newspapers and magazines discuss the Royal Family extensively.

 

 

 

United Arab Emirates(UAE)

1. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a union of seven sovereign sheikdoms, formed when the British withdrew from the Gulf in 1971. It boasts mountains, beaches, deserts, camel racing, and the legendary duty free shopping of Dubai, all packed into a relatively small area.

2. If you only visit one country in the Gulf, the UAE is your best choice: it has the most relaxed entry regulations in the region, the best tourist infrastructure and it's extremely accessible to independent budget travelers as well.

3. The language spoken is Arabic and People belong to these sections: Arab (61%), South Asian (22%), Iranian (8%), other expatriates (9%).

4. British citizens and nationals of most Gulf countries do not require visas; Gulf citizens can stay as long as they want, while Britons can stay for up to three months. All other visitors are required to have visas.

5. Your hotel can sponsor you for a 15-day, nonrenewable transit visa or a one-month renewable visit visa.

6. Note that if your passport shows evidence of travel to Israel you will be denied entry to the UAE.

7. Some basic information- Time: GMT/UTC plus 4 hours. Electricity: 220V (240V in Abu Dhabi), 50Hz. Weights & measures: Metric.

8. The best time of the year to visit the UAE is between November and April, when the weather is at its best.

9. Religious holidays are tied to the Islamic Hijra calendar, so dates vary from year to year. Eid al-Fitr (the end of Ramadan), Eid al-Adha (Pilgrimage), Lailat al-Mi'raj (the Ascension of the Prophet), the Prophet's Birthday and the Islamic New Year are the main celebrations. Secular holidays include New Year's Day (1 January) and National Day (1 December).

10. The country's main international airports are in Dubai and Abu Dhabi, though an increasing number of carriers service Sharjah as well. Smaller international airports serve Ras al-Khaimah, Fujairah and Al-Ain.

11. There's a daily bus service between Dubai and Muscat in Oman, though the lack of a UAE border post on the road used by the bus can present visa problems for travelers.

12. There is no inter-city air or bus service between the seven emirates, so if you don't have your own car the only way to travel between emirates is by service taxi.

13. The Currency is UAE dirham.

14. The UAE is not a low-budget country, but it is possible to keep costs under control. You can change money at moneychangers or banks; moneychangers sometimes offer better rates than banks but they can be fussy about changing traveler's cheques. Credit cards are widely accepted and there are plenty of ATMs.

15. If you love activities, water sports are popular along the UAE's coast. Camel safaris can be arranged in Al-Ain. Desert safaris or 'wadi bashing', which involves zooming around the desert in a four Wheeler, can be organized in Dubai or Sharjah.

16. There isn't a lot to see in Dubai but it's the most easygoing city in the region, has the best nightlife and boasts copious opportunities for duty-free shopping.

17. It's worth spending a few days wandering through the souks (markets) and along the waterfront to take in the city's atmosphere.

18. Dubai boasts the highest international profile of all the Gulf cities, hosting world-class golf and tennis tournaments, horse racing and desert rallies. The highlight of the city's markets is Deira's gold souk, just northwest of the Abra dock.

19. If you're in Dubai to indulge in some serious shopping, you are in mall heaven. Dubai is on the UAE's northern coast, approximately 125 kms (80miles) east of Abu Dhabi, accessible from the capital by shared taxi and minibus.

The third largest of the seven emirates, Sharjah has some of the most interesting architecture in the country. Whether it is the largest mosque in the UAE, an interesting archaeological museum, a pocket-sized Disneyland or just the watchtowers you have them all here.

 

 

 

Turkey

1. You will enjoy your visit to Turkey as the Turkish authorities give a high priority to protecting visitors.

2. Get adequate travel and medical insurance.

3. Carry details of prescribed medication or history of any illness, it may be crucial in an emergency.

4. Carry two passport sized photographs and a photocopy of your passport in  case of loss. Enter next of kin details into the back of your passport.

5. Check the Foreign and Commonwealth Office Travel Advice before traveling.

6. Bring enough money or have access to backup funds.

7. Road conditions are not good and driving can be dangerous. Take care.

8. Exportation of antiques is strictly prohibited.

9. You will be detained by the authorities if caught smuggling or in possession of prohibited goods e.g. cigarettes.

10. Drug offences carry severe penalties. Do not get involved.

11. Do not photograph military installations or individuals if they are unwilling.

12. Do not overstay your visa, heavy financial penalties are enforced.

13. Street robbery is common in the major Istanbul tourist areas. Beware of approaches from strangers offering food and drink, which may be drugged.

14. Coastal tourist areas are great to see, but avoid traveling alone.

15. Consult the local authorities before visiting remote areas.

16. If you are traveling to south-east Turkey, exercise caution, keep to main roads  and towns, and avoid travel at dusk or after dark. Take particular care when  traveling by road.

17. Do not take photographs near military or official installations. Seek permission before photographing individuals.

18. You may obtain a multiple entry visitor's visa valid for three months at the port of entry on payment of ten pounds sterling, cash.

19. For further information on entry requirements, check with the Turkish Embassy. Overstaying your visa will result in a substantial fine upon departure.

 

Stay at hotels and guesthouses that have been approved by the Ministry of Tourism. Ministry approved hotels and guest houses are available from $US20 upwards per night. Look forward to your visit with enthusiasm.

 

 

Thailand

1. You have heard of the much-acclaimed Thai cuisine. Try it this time. There are plenty of eat-outs and you will find them everywhere.

2. Check Foreign and Commonwealth Office Travel Advice before traveling.

3. Remember that the airport departure tax is not included in your ticket. Baht 500( may change) is payable on departure. No other currency is accepted.

4. Take care of your valuables at all times. Do not leave them out of sight or leave them unattended unless you are sure that they are safe.

5. Be on your guard against pickpockets and bag snatchers as you would be in any busy tourist resort.

6. Bring enough funds for your stay and your return. Bank transfers take time and if you miss your return flight, you may have to purchase another ticket to get home.

7. Ensure that your passport is stamped on arrival, especially if you cross over a land border. Enter next of kin details into the back of your passport. Reconfirm your return flight.

8. Take care if riding a motor cycle, as riding one in Thailand can be dangerous. The Thai law that safety helmets must be worn is widely ignored, and is a contributing factor in many tourist deaths each year. Remember that roads are not extremely safe.

9. Bear in mind local religious and cultural sensibilities - if in doubt take local advice.

10. Respect Thai customs. Buddha images are sacred and should be treated as such, even by foreigners. The Royal family is held in high esteem and the Thais will not tolerate foreigners being disrespectful to them.

11. Do not leave home without travel insurance, and ensure that it covers both medical treatment and unexpected losses/expenses (e.g. missing charter flight, losing passport, having cash and credit cards stolen).

12. Do not carry anything through customs for somebody else.

13. Do not use a guide who approaches you on the street, even if he appears to have genuine credentials. He will invariably be a tout. While arriving at Bangkok airport, use only use airport limousines or licensed taxis with yellow number plates from the official taxi rank. There is also a reliable airport bus service to the centre of Bangkok.

14. Take particular care when swimming off the coast of Phuket. Strong riptides have resulted in drowning many people. Take care during water sport activity.

15. No Drugs- the death penalty is common. Amphetamines are regarded as a Class A drug and possession/trafficking of it carries the same penalties as, for example, heroin.

16. Entry to Thailand is normally refused to visitors holding passports with less than six months validity. Overstaying visas without the proper authority is a serious matter and visitors can be held in detention until a fine is paid.

17. Medical treatment can be very expensive. Take particular care of your passport, as passport theft is common. Passports should not be given to third parties such as hotel owners, vehicle hire shops etc.

 

There has been an increase in recent months in sophisticated gem swindles involving foreign tourists. There are no government gem shops. Do not purchase gems or gold from other than well established jewelry shops.

 

 

 

Taiwan

1. Check the Foreign and Commonwealth Office Travel Advice before embarking on your trip.

2. If you are entering Taiwan under the 14-day visa waiver, you should ensure that your passport is valid for at least 6 months before entering.

3. If you hold a passport with less than 6 months validity, the Immigration Service will refuse you entry.

4. 14 -day landing visas cannot be extended. Some visas issued by Taipei representative offices overseas may not be extended in Taiwan. Check the visa for this endorsement.

5. You should contact your physician about inoculations prior to visiting.

6. Take adequate comprehensive travel insurance. Hospitalization, medication etc is expensive.

7. Have adequate money for your stay. Bank transfers can be slow.

8. Drug trafficking carries the death penalty in Taiwan.

9. Beware of petty thieves, particularly pickpockets on the MTR (Mass Transit Railway system). For residents setting up home in more rural areas - be aware, house burglaries are becoming increasingly common in the mountainous suburbs of Taipei.

10. Keep personal belongings in a safe place.

11. Small-scale petty crime exists but is not commonplace. Be alert crossing roads, even on protected crossings.

12. Check local conditions before setting off, particularly during heavy rain.

13. The Chiang Kai Shek (CKS) International Airport remains open. Flights are subject to severe delays and cancellation due to the bad weather.

14. Check with airlines before embarking on trips.

15. The smuggling of narcotics carries the death penalty.

16. If you are entering Taiwan, under the 14-day visa waiver ensure that your passport is valid for at least 6 months before entering. (Those holding passports with less than 6 months validity will be refused entry by the Immigration Service. )

 

 

Switzerland

1. If you feel the need to experience irresistible chocolates, cuckoo clocks, yodeling Heidis', humorless bankers, international bureaucracies and an orderly, precise country that works against a spectacular mountainous backdrop, Switzerland is the place to head for.

2. Switzerland may be neutral but it is certainly not flavorless. The fusion of German, French and Italian ingredients has formed a robust national culture, and the country's Alpine landscapes have enough zing to reinvigorate the most jaded traveler.

3. Languages spoken are German, French, Italian & Romansch- it would be an added advantage, if you know any these foreign languages.

4. Citizens of Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, the UK and the USA do not require a visa. A maximum stay of three months applies.

5. Some basic information- Time: GMT/UTC plus one hour. Electricity: 220 volts, 50 Hz. Weights & measures: Metric.

6. You may be prone to Altitude sickness, sunburn and hypothermia (cold weather injury due to low temperature). So watch out!

7. Summers last roughly from June to September and offer the most pleasant climate for outdoor pursuits. Unfortunately, you won't be the only tourist during this period, so prices can be high, accommodation hard to find and the mainstream sights crowded. You will find fewer crowds in April-May and late-September-October.

8. If you're keen on winter sports, resorts in the Alps begin operating in late-November till April.

9. The main entry points for international flights are Zürich and Geneva. Basel, Bern and Lugarno airports also receive international flights.

10. Switzerland has a fully integrated and comprehensive public transport system incorporating trains, buses, boats and cable cars that will help you get around in comfort.

11. The Currency is Swiss franc.

12. Costs are higher in Switzerland than anywhere else in Europe.

13. All major travelers' cheques and credit cards are accepted and a commission is not charged for changing cash or cheques.

14. Tipping is rarely necessary, as hotels, restaurants and bars are required by law to include a 15% service charge. Even taxi fares normally have a service charge included.

15. There are dozens of ski resorts throughout the Alps. Hiking is the number-one activity in the country, with 50,000 kms of designated footpaths and regular refreshment stops en route. There are well-established mountaineering resorts that also offer paragliding and hang-gliding and hire out the gear.

16. Water-skiing, sailing and windsurfing are common on most lakes. Rafting is possible on many alpine rivers, including the Rhine.

17. Swiss folk culture includes yodeling, playing the alp horn and Swiss wrestling. However, do not indulge in any of these after a night in a Swiss tavern!

18. Swiss dishes borrow from the best of German and French cuisine. Cheeses form an important part of the Swiss diet and of course there are the famous Swiss chocolates!

19. If you plan to drive, remember that if you fail the driving test three times in Switzerland, you have to see a psychologist!

The Swiss have won more Nobel Prizes and registered more patents per capita than any other nation on earth. Interestingly enough, the cuckoo clock, which is usually credited to them was actually invented by the Germans!

 

 

 

Spain

1. Did you know that Spain is the home to some of the finest art galleries in the world. The Prado in Madrid has few rivals, and there are outstanding art museums in Bilbao, Seville, Barcelona, Valencia, and Cordoba. Make it to these places.

2. For your information, most towns and villages have tourist offices (oficina de turismo) that supply maps and basic information. The travel agency TIVE, with offices in major cities throughout Spain, specializes on discounted tickets and travel arrangements.

3. English isn't widely spoken. Spaniards are friendly people- tolerant and easy going. Very easy to get along with… you'll get fond of them.

4. Respect Spanish customs regulations. Check Foreign and Commonwealth Office Travel Advice before traveling.

5. The New Spaniards by John Hooper is a fascinating summary of the modern Spanish society and culture. Reading one would surely benefit you.

6. ATM's accept a wide variety of cards in Spain. Spain is an affordable country. If you spend your money carefully, there will be no strain on your money belt.

7. Banks are open on weekdays from 8.30am to 2pm, Saturday to 1.00pm. They generally give better exchange rates than currency exchange offices.

8. Arrest for drunken behaviour can lead to prison sentences.

9. Take care of your belongings at all times. Leave your tickets and passport in a safe place. Bring enough money with you for your stay and return. Money transfers can take a little time to arrange and if you miss your return charter flight you may need to buy another ticket.

10. Take comprehensive travel insurance, which provides for medical repatriation in the event of an illness, as well as for unexpected losses, e.g. luggage and credit cards.

11. Take particular care if you are driving. Traffic fines are heavy and must be paid on the spot. As a pedestrian, you should take care particularly when crossing or walking along unlit roads at night.

12. Following the withdrawal of duty free facilities within the European Union, customs authorities in all member countries have introduced guidance levels for the importation of tobacco, alcohol and other products purchased by visitors for their own use.

13. If you make a purchase more than the amount specified by the Customs, you must be able to satisfy Customs Officers at both the points of departure and arrival that the goods are for their personal use.

14. It is a requirement that you must be able to show some form of identity if requested to do so by, for example the police. It is permissible to carry photocopies of the relevant pages of passports to avoid losing the original, which should be kept in a safe place.

15. You can expect a trouble-free holiday, with the possible hitch being robbery. Pickpocketing and handbag snatching are common in some of the larger Spanish cities and towns. Passports, credit cards, travel tickets and money should not be carried together in handbags or pockets.

16. You should be wary of approaches by strangers either asking for directions or asking for help of any kind. These approaches are sometimes ploys to distract attention while accomplices make off with valuables or possessions.

17. You should take particular care when driving as regulations are different Take care particularly when crossing, or walking along, unlit roads at night.

 

If you are curious to know about the popular bull-fighting… Bullfighting is enjoying resurgence despite continued pressure from international animal rights activists. It is considered as a complex activity that is an art form.

Contacts-Spain

 

TIME ZONE

Mainland Spain and Balearics GMT + 1 (GMT + 2 during the summer)

TELEPHONE SERVICES

Country Code: 34
IDD: International Direct Dialling is available
Outgoing Code: 07

EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS

Dial 112
Additional local numbers:-Police - 091; Fire / Ambulance (Bomberas) - 085

LOCAL TOURIST INFORMATION

Direccion General de Turespaña; Jose Lázaro Galdiano 6; 28036 Madrid;
Spain Tel: (1) 343 3500 Fax: (1) 343 3446.

PASSPORT INFORMATION

Valid passport required by all except: Nationals of EU countries with valid national ID cards and nationals of Austria; Belgium; France; Luxembourg; The Netherlands and Portugal whose passports expired less than 5 years. Nationals of Germany and the UK with passports expired less than 1 year. Nationals of Andorra; Iceland; Liechtenstein; Malta; Monaco; Netherland Antilles and Switzerland holding valid national ID cards or expired passports (maximum 5 years). Requirements may be subject to short-term change. Contact the relevant authority before departure. It is advisable to have a return ticket. If you have no return ticket you may be asked for sufficient proof of funds to finance your stay.

VISA INFORMATION

Required by all except Nationals of Aruba; Bolivia; Bonaire; Colombia; Costa Rica; Croatia; Curacao; Ecuador; El Salvador; Guatemala; Honduras; Kenya; Malaysia; Nicaragua; Panama; Paraguay; Singapore; Suriname and Venezuela for up to 3 months. Nationals who do not require a visa to visit a country which is a signatory to the Schengen agreement.

PROHIBITED ITEMS

Narcotics and firearms.

AIRPORT DEPARTURE TAX

Not present.

HEALTH MATTERS

Typhoid, Malaria, Yellow Fever.

FOOD AND DRINK

Water is considered drinkable; normal precautions should be observed with food.

CURRENCY

Peseta (Pta) Exchange: Any banks and most travel agencies.
NOTE: Import and export of local currency is subject to the amount of declaration if the amount exceeds Pta 1000000 and the amount exported must not exceed the amount declared on arrival. All major credit cards are accepted. Travelers cheques in Sterling pounds can be easily exchanged.
ATM availability: Over 35 000 locations.

MONEY WIRING SERVICES

MoneyGram: 900 96 1218. Western Union: (95) 205 0219

CREDIT CARD EMERGENCY NUMBERS

Amex: +44 1273 696933
Diners Club: (43) (1) 5474000
Spain Visa: 900 95 1125

TRAVELERS CHEQUES EMERGENCY NUMBERS

Spain Thomas Cook: 900 99 4403

BANKING HOURS

0900 - 1400 Mon. to Fri; 0900 - 1300 Sat (except during the summer).

COST OF LIVING

Similar prices to other Western European countries.

LANGUAGES

Spanish (Castillan); Catalan; Galician and Basque.

WEATHER

Varies from Temperate in the North to hot and dry in the South. The best months are from April to Oct although it can be excessively hot between July and August except at the coastal regions. The central plateau can be extremely cold during the winter.

RELIGIONS

Roman Catholic is the majority.

PUBLIC HOLIDAYS

2000: Jan 01; 06. Apr 01; 21-24. May 01. June 22; 24. July 25. Aug 15. Oct 12. Nov 01. Dec 01; 08; 25.
2001: Jan 01; 06. Apr 13-16. May 01. Aug 15. Oct 12. Nov 01. Dec 06; 08; 25. .

POST

5 days. All facilities are available at main post offices.

RADIO FREQUENCIES

BBC: 15.58 12.09 9.410 6.195 VOA: 9.760 6.040 5.995.

WOMEN IN SOCIETY

Spanish women retain traditional values in rural areas; but many of the formerly strict religious and social customs are becoming slightly more relaxed; particularly in urban and tourist regions. Spain is one of the safest countries for women to travel in.

TRANSPORT

RAIL: Most cities are well served. It is mainly a radial service with connections between Madrid and all the major cities. The Spanish rail system is one of the cheapest in Europe. Discounts and special concessions can be found.
ROAD: Motorways are well maintained and connect North and South. Trunk roads between major cities are general well maintained.
BUS: Services run between towns and are cheap and efficient.
CAR HIRE: all major companies have agencies.

 

Singapore

1. Lying almost on the equator, Singapore is a thriving city-state where the crowded streets of Chinatown, fortunetellers, calligraphers and temple worshippers are still a part of everyday life. You are going to feel at home- that's guaranteed!

2. Want to know the legend behind the symbol of Singapore? According to Malay legend, a Sumatran prince had encountered a lion - considered a good omen - on Temasek, prompting him to found Singapura, or Lion City. However, lions had never inhabited Singapore (more likely the prince had seen a tiger)!

3. The Languages spoken are English, Malay, Mandarin and Tamil.

4. Most Western nationals either do not require a visa at all or do not require a visa for a social stay of up to 90 days. A 30-day permit is issued on arrival and extensions are difficult to obtain.

5. Some basic information- Time: GMT/UTC+8. Electricity: 220-240V, 50 Hz. Weights & measures: Metric with local variations.

6. Go there anytime. Climate is not a major consideration, as Singapore gets fairly steady annual rainfall.

7. Thaipusam is one of the most spectacular festivals, celebrated around February. Don't miss this amazing festival if you happen to go that time.

8. If shopping and eating are your major concerns, July is a good month as the Singapore Food Festival and Great Singapore Sale are held then.

9. A host of airlines fly into Singapore's ultramodern Changi international airport - often voted one of the best airports in the world. You could also travel between Malaysia and Singapore by bus or taxi.

10. Singapore has a comprehensive bus network with frequent services and a convenient Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) subway system. There are facilities for luxurious tours around the harbor.

11. Rickshaws have disappeared from Singapore's main streets, but can still be found operating in Chinatown and back streets. Make sure that you agree on a fare beforehand.

12. The Currency is the Singapore dollar.

13. Singapore is much more expensive than any other Southeast Asian country. All major credit cards are widely accepted. ATMs are widespread, although it's probably still a good idea to take cash and travelers' cheques for emergencies. You will find moneychangers in shopping centers all over Singapore.

14. Chinese New Year, in January or February, is welcomed in with dragon dances, parades and much good cheer. The Dragon Boat Festival, held in May or June, commemorates the death of a Chinese saint who drowned himself in protest against government corruption. It is celebrated with boat races across Marina Bay.

15. The Festival of the Hungry Ghosts is usually celebrated in September. This is when the souls of the dead are released for feasting and entertainment on earth. Chinese operas are performed for them and food is offered; the 'ghosts' eat the spirit of the food but thoughtfully leave the substance for the mortal celebrants!

16. The expression 'shop till you drop' was probably first heard in Singapore, where shopping centers offer a mind-boggling choice of shops and stores. Singapore is also known as the food capital of Asia, so sampling the local cuisine is an experience in itself.

17. Singapore is a compact area with many of its star attractions within walking distance of the city district.

18. Singaporeans are very techno-savvy. More than 40 per cent of Singaporean families have Internet access and 60 per cent own home computers.

19. Word of warning- watch out for Singapore's draconian laws that entail very heavy fines for littering, jaywalking, breaking road rules and just about anything. They go a long way, however, in making Singapore the spotlessly clean and orderly place that it is.

Singapore may have traded in its rough-and-ready opium dens and pearl luggers for towers of concrete and glass, and its steamy rickshaw image for hi-tech wizardry, but you can still recapture the colonial era with a gin sling under the languorous ceiling fans at Raffles Hotel. It is this carefully stage-managed combination of Western modernity and treasured Eastern and colonial past that makes Singapore such an accessible slice of Asia.

 

 

 

South Africa

1. Check with the embassy before traveling. It is a safe practice to keep your documents in a secure place. Take care of your belonging at all times. That is a great way to start off your trip.

2. Crime is a problem, but by following a few simple rules it is possible to enjoy this magnificent country with minimal threat to life and limb. Ignorance and a lack of information is one of the biggest problems, and because of this, travelers miss out on so much or land up in dangerous situations by blindly following the usual brochures and information leaflets.

3. Do not walk on the beaches alone, and don't leave valuables on the beach whilst you are swimming, as theft is rife. Keep valuables hidden whilst walking around the center of Cape Town. Do not wear flashy/ expensive jewelry that can be seen - it may get ripped off. Close your bag to prevent pickpockets grabbing your stuff.

4. After you've taken these measures for a great trip, its time for fun! If you want a lovely beach and warm water the place to go is Buffel's Bay in the Cape of Good Hope Nature Reserve. The entrance fee is R20 per person.

5. A relatively new 'adrenalin activity' in Cape Town is jet boat riding. Instead of doing the regular tame boat trips out of the waterfront, one can see the same scenery but at 130 km an hour and experience the thrill at the same time. At around R100 for an hour trip, it is money well spent.

6. Robben Island is a place, which assumes great importance in the freedom struggle of South Africa. If you purchase a ticket for Robben Island, you are automatically pre-booked on to a return ferry three hours later. This means that you will be on the island for about two and half-hours. This provides enough time for the guided tours. If you would like to explore the island or the prison at your own leisure, make sure that you request a later return ferry crossing. There is also an information center on the dock at Robben Island. Try to pop in there and pick up some very useful leaflets before boarding one of the coaches for the guided tour of the island. The leaflets certainly make it easier to explore, whilst also providing details of the flora and fauna that can be seen.

7. In Robben Island, the departure point has moved, and the cost is R100. It is well worth the trip, but check the return times near the end of the day, because the staff goes home on the 4 pm boat. There is only one Tour Company authorized to stop and tour the island. People are whisked away by other tour operators and given a boat ride around the island.

8. Cape Town: if you go up to Table Mountain for the sunset and want to leave right afterwards, be prepared to wait in a crushing line to return to the bottom in the cable car. It would be worthwhile leaving a few minutes before the sun goes down.

9. Visit reputable pubs in the better suburbs, and chat with the locals and waiters, you will glean loads of valuable information on where to go and what to do in safety. Price-wise, these pubs are invariably cheaper than the usual tourist haunts, and the locals love to talk about their town or country and what it has to offer.

10. Indulge in Whale watching: keep a lookout at Clifton Beach; whales were spotted there in early January.

11. If you need information, you can find it on the website safarinow.com.

12. You could usually get a room by booking a day or two ahead. There are Internet cafés everywhere.

13. If you intend to go to Kruger National Park, do consider staying overnight in the park, as the cost of re-entering the next day is very high. Consider staying at a cheaper place near the park. The wildlife is concentrated in the middle to south side of the park. Also, it's not possible to visit the Thulamela archaeological site in the north of the park unless you book at a lodge - (e.g. Punda Maria- check this out! Really!)

14. You must know this -The tourist information office in Cape Town has moved from the central station, to the crossing of Castle and Burg Streets.

15. It is known that 1st and 2nd class train travel must be booked at least 24 hours in advance, but it must also be paid for 24 hours in advance or else the reservation is terminated. The booking folks won't take your credit card number over the phone so if you are not planning to be in the city from which you are taking the train until it's time to go, you will need to go to a travel agent.

16. Don't let white South Africans make you paranoid about using public transport. Only black South Africans use it. It's quite safe, provided you use it during the day.

17. You should rest after arriving on a long overseas flight, instead of jumping straight into a strange vehicle in a strange country and setting off to drive about 500 km. Also, carry cell phones in case of breakdowns.

18. Car hire for travel is an excellent option, but there are many "do's" and "don'ts": it's best to travel with a cell phone, and if possible, temporarily join the local automobile association, which can be contacted in the event of any emergency. They are excellent, providing on-call service throughout most of the country. Stopping alongside the road in lonely areas is not recommended unless you have a clear view around you and view sites where there are other people around - nothing to get paranoid about, but worth the precaution. If you're driving cross-country, carry a cell phone, along with the emergency numbers of your rental Car Company and friends. It's a beautiful country, but not when you're scared. Renting a car certainly makes travel easier. It's worth hunting around on the Internet to get a good price.

19. Petrol stations do not accept credit cards. There are also no self-service pumps. A tip of R1-2 for the service attendant is customary.

20. Since most South African cars are manual, be sure to ask for an automatic if you are not familiar with manual shifts. In most parking lots and on the streets, you will find "parking attendants" who will look after your car. These attendants are mostly Car Watch volunteers (a project to help the high levels of unemployment in the country). Although tips are not compulsory, it is in your best interest to do so. A tip of R1-2 is sufficient.

21. All kinds of cattle on the road are undoubtedly danger. With speed limits up to 120km/h, it's a real fright to find a cow in front of the car. It was found that sheep and goats respond to the sound of a horn, but cows don't.

22. Beware of an ATM scam! There have been instances, when strangers have offered to help, posing as employees of the bank and done away with money.

Table Mountain is great for hiking, but take care, a wonderful day hike in the Blyde River Canyon area is the Belvedere Day Walk down into the canyon. You have to sign in at the visitor center and they don't let you start after 12 noon. It's about a five-hour hike to go down and back and it has beautiful scenery.

During your stay, there are many interesting things to do in Langebaan, namely in the West Coast National Park. Every Sunday morning you can take a boat trip to Malghas Island and see its colony of penguins, as well as Jutten Island, which houses a huge colony - nearly 70,000. It is really amazing to get so close to such a big colony of birds. Also, there is a very nice one and two day walking trail in the Postberg section of the West Coast National Park.

 

 

 

Poland

1. Small local feasts, fairs and contests occur throughout Poland, with a pleasing glut in early summer and early autumn. You are lucky to if you get to see that.

2. Forget about flying within Poland unless you're trying to launder money. The trains are pretty good and where they don't go the buses do.

3. Rural Poland is quite conducive to cycle touring, being mostly flat and relatively quiet, but the urban areas are bike-unfriendly with few dedicated paths and many hostile motorists.

4. Poland is still a cheap country for travelers. Your money will generally be safe while you're travelling in Poland. Cheques are reasonably easy to exchange wherever you go, but you'll get a slightly better rate with cash. Credit cards are becoming more useful - you can use them to pay for up-market hotels and restaurants, car rentals and long-distance transport. You can also get cash advances with the major cards.

5. If you intend to remain in Poland for a period up to three months, you do not require visas.

6. While driving, or taking a cab, if you are flagged down, do not stop but continue to the nearest police station to report the matter.

7. Extra caution should be exercised when traveling on the buses or trams to and from Warsaw Airport as thieves target these routes.

8. Poland is a major east-west transit route for heavy vehicles. Even major roads can be narrow, crowded and the surfaces crinkled and rutted. Driving long distances at night out of the main centres is not recommended.

9. Make sure you are fully covered for medical treatment.

10. Ensure that you are covered for unexpected losses or expenses (eg. cancelled flights, lost luggage, lost passport, stolen cash or credit cards).

11. Check with Foreign and Commonwealth Office Travel Advice before traveling.

12. Keep passport, money, tickets and valuables in a safe place.

13. Check Polish customs regulations before bringing in or taking out funds in excess of 5,000 Euros (approximately £3,000). Declare the currency to Customs on arrival.

14. It is advisable to get a Customs declaration even if you are importing less than 5,000 Euros.

15. Some banks require a Customs statement when you are opening a bank account. Change money at banks or legal foreign exchange offices called Kantor.

16. Don't drink and drive. Permitted alcohol levels are very low and in practice equal zero tolerance.

17. Don't travel on public transport without a ticket. The ticket must be punched immediately after boarding the bus or tram. On the metro, ticket punchers are located on the wall before you cross the line ticket zone.

18. Book a hotel room prior to arrival. Increasing numbers of tourists are visiting Poland and the hotels in major cities are usually booked in advance.

19. Polish winters are long and hard. Summers can be extremely hot, so keep your cool and chill out in your own way!

20. You must try the food. Polish food is hearty and filling, with thick soups and sauces, abundant in potatoes and dumplings, rich in meat (but not in vegetables.) Characteristic ingredients are dill, marjoram, caraway seeds and wild mushrooms; favourite dishes include bigos (sauerkraut and meat) and barszcz (beetroot soup). There are four daily meals in Poland: an early breakfast, a light snack for second breakfast, a substantial lunch taken after work, and a small supper before bed. Tea and vodka are the favoured Polish beverages, both consumed with fervour, but to somewhat differing effect.

 

With a strongly Roman Catholic population, Christian celebrations are of huge importance. This is particularly evident during Christmas and Easter, but any Sunday is a good day for getting a taste of Polish devoutness and religious fervour. All the churches (and they are truly in good supply) fill up beyond their capacity during the Sunday masses.

Contacts-Poland

 

TIME ZONE

GMT + 1 (GMT + 2 during the summer)

TELEPHONE SERVICES

Country Code: 48
IDD: International Direct Dialling is available
Outgoing Code: 00

EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS

Police - 997; Fire - 998; Ambulance - 999.

LOCAL TOURIST INFORMATION

Warszawskie Centrum Informacji Turystycznej (Warsaw Information Centre); Zamkowy Square 1/13; 00-26 Warsaw Tel: (22) 635 1881 Fax: (22) 8310 464.

PASSPORT INFORMATION

Valid passport required by all. Requirements may be subject to short-term change. Contact the relevant authority before departure.

VISA INFORMATION

Required by all except: Nationals of the UK for tourists or business visits not exceeding 6 months. Nationals of all other EU countries for periods not exceeding 90 days. Nationals of Andorra; Argentina; Bolivia; Costa Rica; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Honduras; Iceland; Liechtenstein; Latvia; Lithuania; South Korea; Malta; Monaco; Nicaragua; Norway; San Marino; Slovak Republic; Slovenia; Switzerland; Uruguay; and the USA for visits not exceeding 90 days. Nationals of Bulgaria; Cuba; Estonia Hungary; Macedonia; (FYROM); Mongolia; Romania; for visits not exceeding 30 days Nationals of CIS countries providing they hold an official invitation or vouchers from travel agencies (except nationals of Uzbekistan) who do require a visa.

PROHIBITED ITEMS

Any work of art and antiques can not be exported from Poland.

AIRPORT DEPARTURE TAX

US$ 10 levied on all international travel.

HEALTH MATTERS

Typhoid, Malaria, Yellow Fever.
Other Health Risks: Rabies, Tick-borne encephalitis.

FOOD AND DRINK

Water is untreated and not safe to drink.

CURRENCY

Zloty (Zl) = 100 grozy. Exchange: border crossing points; hotels.

NOTE: Import and export of local currency by non-residents is prohibited. All major credit cards and travelers cheques are accepted. Travelers cheques in German Deutschmarks are preferred.
ATM availability: Over 500 locations.

MONEY WIRING SERVICES

MoneyGram: Single location in the capital city. Western Union: (22) 636 5688

CREDIT CARD EMERGENCY NUMBERS

Amex: +44 1273 696933
Diners Club: (48) (22) 274513
Poland Visa: (1) 410 581 9091

TRAVELERS CHEQUES EMERGENCY NUMBERS

Poland Thomas Cook: +44 1733 318950 Poland

BANKING HOURS

0800 - 1800 Mon. to Fri.

COST OF LIVING

Not cheap.

LANGUAGES

Polish.There is a German-speaking minority. English and French may also be spoken.

WEATHER

Temperate climate with warm summers and cold winters. Rain falls throughout the year.

RELIGIONS

Mainly Roman Catholic. The remaining speak mainly Polish Orthodox.

PUBLIC HOLIDAYS

2000: Jan 01. Apr 24. May 01; 03. Jun 22. Aug 15. Nov 01; 11.
Dec 25-26.
2001: Jan 01. Apr 16. May 01; 03. Jun 14. Aug 15. Nov 01; 11.
Dec 25-26.

POST 4 days. Poste Restante facilities are available throughout the country.

RADIO FREQUENCIES

BBC: 15.07 12.09 6.195 3.955 VOA: 9.670 6.040 5.995 1.197

WOMEN IN SOCIETY

Conservatism prevails among older women; but younger women have a liberal outlook on society. If traveling alone, take the usual precautions.

TRANSPORT

BUS: There are good regional bus and coach services.
CAR HIRE: Various car rental agencies operate and rental also available at the airport.